Accessibility/XForms: Difference between revisions

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<small>[[Accessibility |<< Back to Accessibility Home Page]]</small>
 
= Intoduction =
 
Assistive technologies API for XForms is supported starting from Firefox 3 (Gecko 1.9). Implementation of accessible objects for XForms elements is based on top
of the existing object hierarchy introduced in the Mozilla accessibility module. XForms elements behavior is implemented in accordance with [http://www.mozilla.org/access/toolkit-checklist accessible toolkit checklist]. This article provides a short documentation how accessibility is handled in Gecko for XForms.
 
= Get Build =
 
Subsections below explain how you can obtain accessible XForms-enabled build. These are either downloading latest build of firefox or building it yourself.
 
== Downloading Builds ==
 
For Firefox, you may directly download the nighly "trunk" build of
Firefox and install the XForms extension
which lives in 'xpi' directory of the build. Note, XForms accessibility
is implemented only on trunk.
Trunk builds are not considered stable and should not be installed on
top of the Firefox used for daily browsing.
Currently we have verified that XForms accessibility is working on the
Windows platform, and Linux testing has not yet been done, although
everything should work and is ready to be tested.
You will find trunk builds of Firefox at [http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/firefox/nightly/latest-trunk/ ftp.mozilla.org], trunk builds of XForms extension (Windows) at [http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/firefox/nightly/latest-trunk/windows-xpi/ ftp.mozilla.org] or trunk builds of XForms extension (Linux) [http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/firefox/nightly/latest-trunk/linux-xpi/ ftp.mozilla.org].
 
== Build It Yourself ==
 
If you would like to build firefox/seamonkey yourself then please ensure
your config file has
the following option "ac_add_options
--enable-extensions=default,xforms,schema-validation".
 
= How To Test =
 
There are two approaches to test XForms accessibility. The first is to use
and assistive technology such as a screen reader, or an accessibility
testing tool, to make sure XForms elements have proper accessible objects. Or
you may be guided by [http://www.mozilla.org/access/toolkit-checklist toolkit checklist] to check keyboard navigation for XForms controls.
 
You can try the following link to test XForms accessibility:
* visual XForms elements in XHTML document at [https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/attachment.cgi?id=251493 bugzilla.mozilla.org]
* visual XForms elements in XUL document at [https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/attachment.cgi?id=251497 bugzilla.mozilla.org]
* you can see XForms sample tests at [http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xforms/samples.html Mozilla XForms project]
* there are set of tests at [http://beaufour.dk/xftst/ beaufour.dk]
* W3C's XForms test at [http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/Forms/Test/XForms1.0/Edition2/front_html/XF102edTestSuite.html w3.org]
 
= Keyboard Navigation Issue =
 
== Navigation Sequence ==
Though XForms spec declares <code>navindex</code> attribute to define the navigation sequence (see [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#attrs-ui-common 1.0 specs] or [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms11/#attrs-ui-common 1.1 specs]) but Rich Schwerdtfeger (<small>Distinguished Engineer, SWG Accessibility Architect/Strategist Chair, IBM Accessibility Architecture Review  Board</small>) gave some clarification about <code>navindex</code>. He wrote:
<blockquote>Navindex was in XForms - it was stripped out as it was believed the focus model was dependent on the content which used it. So, yes we don't care about navindex in XForms. If you use xhtml1.x use tabindex. If you use Xhtml2 use nextfocus.</blockquote> Therefore since Mozilla XForms works in XHTML (1.x) or XUL documents only then we use <code>tabindex</code> instead. Note, we support <code>-moz-user-focus</code> style neither for XHTML or XUL.
 
= AT API =
 
== Accessible properties ==
 
This section describes common rules how accessibility properties are formed for forms control elements.
 
=== name ===
 
It is formed from value of child XForms <code>label</code> element if the element doesn't have <code>labelledby</code> attribute.
 
=== description ===
 
It is formed from value of child XForms <code>hint</code> element if the element doesn't have <code>describedby</code> attribute.
 
=== state ===
 
It is formed as well from model item properties (MIPs) of instance node that XForms element is bound to as from valid/invalid or in-range/out-of-range states of instance node. Instance node states are mapped to accessibility state constants declared in nsIAccessible like it shown below:
* relevant - STATE_UNAVAILABLE
* readonly - STATE_READONLY
* required - STATE_REQUIRED
* invalid - STATE_INVALID
* out of range - STATE_INVALID
 
=== attributes ===
Redefines <code>[http://www.w3.org/TR/aria-state/#datatype datatype]</code> ARIA attribute. Its value is XML Schema [http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#built-in-datatypes builit-in datatype] of instance node that XForms element is bound to.
 
=== children ===
 
Mozilla XForms implementation allows form control elements to have child elements. Therefore accessible children are formed from any accessible child elements of form control element and from elements that are introduced by its presentation.
 
== Forms Controls Module ==
 
Some of form control elements may be represented in few ways by different widgets. This section lists accessible presentations for form control elements.
 
=== input ===
 
A key xforms element to show and change the instance data to which it is bound (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-input spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Input docs]). The follwoing representations <code>input</code> element are accessible:
 
* [[Accessibility/XForms:TextField|text field]] - see the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Input#text_field docs].
* [[Accessibility/XForms:Checkbox|checkbox]] - see the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Input#checkbox docs]
* [[Accessibility/XForms:Datepicker|datepicker]] - see the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Input#datepicker docs].
* [[Accessibility/XForms:Calendar|calendar]] - see the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Input#calendar docs].
* [[Accessibility/XForms:DaysList|days list]] - see the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Input#months_list docs].
* [[Accessibility/XForms:MonthsList|months list]] - see the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Input#days_list docs].
 
=== secret ===
 
Used for inputting passwords (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-secret spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Secret docs]). This element is represented by [[Accessibility/XForms:PasswordField|password field]].
 
=== textarea ===
 
Serves to show/change multiline text (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-textarea spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Textarea docs]). This element is represented by multiline [[Accessibility/XForms:TextField|text field]].
 
=== output ===
 
Serves to show instance data that the element is bound to (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-output spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Output docs]). It can have the following presentations:
 
* [[Accessibility/XForms:Text|text]]
* [[Accessibility/XForms:Calendar|calendar]]
 
=== upload ===
 
Provides a means for the user to select a file (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-upload spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Upload docs]). This element is represented by [[Accessibility/XForms:Upload|upload]].
 
=== range ===
 
Allows the user to choose a value from within a specific range of values (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-range spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Range docs]). Currently it is represented by a [[Accessibility/XForms:Slider|slider]] only.
 
=== trigger ===
 
Allows the user to initiate actions (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-trigger spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Trigger docs]). This element is represented by [[Accessibility/XForms:Button|button]].
 
=== submit ===
 
Invokes the submission of the selected instance data to its target destination (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-submit spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Submit docs]). This element is represented by [[Accessibility/XForms:Button|button]].
 
=== select ===
 
Allows the user to choose one or multiple values from a list of pre-defined values (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-selectMany spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Select docs]). It can have the following representations:
 
* [[Accessibility/XForms:Listbox|listbox]]
* [[Accessibility/XForms:Checkgroup|checkboxes group]]
 
=== select1 ===
 
Allows the user to choose a single value from a list of pre-defined values (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-commonelems-label spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Select1 docs]). It can have the following representations:
 
* [[Accessibility/XForms:Combobox|combobox]]
* [[Accessibility/XForms:Listbox|listbox]]
* [[Accessibility/XForms:Radiogroup|radio group]]
 
== Additional Elements ==
 
These elements may be used as child elements to the form controls described above. Some of these elements are not accessible itself but they makes accessibility properties for XForms elements that hold them.
 
=== label ===
 
Specifies the label for the xforms control (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-selectMany spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Label docs]). Every form control other than the <code>output</code> element must contain a <code>label</code> element. The value of <code>label</code> element is used as name of accessible object.
 
=== help ===
 
Specifies contextual help for the containing form control (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-commonelems-help spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Help docs]). The <code>help</code> element has <code>alert</code> role.
 
=== hint ===
 
Similar to a tooltip (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-commonelems-hint spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Hint docs]). The value of <code>hint</code> element is used as description of accessible object.
 
=== alert ===
 
This message will be shown when the form control cannot properly bind to instance data or when the instance data value is invalid or out of the specified range of selectable values (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice8.html#ui-common-elements-alert spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Alert docs]). The <code>alert</code> element has <code>alert</code> role for both usual and inline <code>alert</code> elements.
 
=== message ===
 
Used in combination with event listeners to display a message to the user when the specified event occurs (see the [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/slice10.html#action-info spec], the [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements:Message docs]).  The <code>message</code> element has <code>alert</code> role.
 
= Resources =
 
Below you will find a list of XForms/Accessiblity resources:
 
* Mozilla accessibility project at [http://www.mozilla.org/access/ mozilla.org]
* XForms specification at [http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/ w3.org]
* Mozilla XForms project at [http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xforms/ mozilla.org]
* UI XForms elements references at [http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XForms:User_Interface_Elements devmo]

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